Intellectual disability (formerly known as mental retardation) consists of deficits in general mental abilities that affect functioning in two areas: intellectual functioning (such as academic and social learning, problem-solving, reasoning, judgement) and adaptive functioning (activities of daily life such as communication, personal and social responsibilities and independent living). IQ (intelligence quotient) is measured by IQ assessment tests. A person is considered to be intellectually disabled if they have an IQ of about 70 or below.
